Leonid Grimak. Modeling the state of weightlessness in hypnosis Audio recordings of autogenic training and self-hypnosis

Born in the village of Prudentovo, Zaporozhye region. In 1955 he graduated from the military medical faculty of Kharkov University. For nine years he served as a military doctor in units of the airborne troops. Since 1965, employee of the Institute of Aviation and Space Medicine.
In 1986-1989 - Head of the department for developing the professional fitness of pilots. In 1963 he defended his candidate's dissertation, which became the basis for the book "Psychological Training of a Paratrooper", and in 1975 - his doctoral dissertation, the materials of which formed the monograph "Modeling Human States in Hypnosis" (M.: URSS). Since 1992 - chief researcher at the All-Russian Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
The main scientific problem that L.P. Grimak worked on was increasing the reliability of human functioning (including parachutist, pilot, cosmonaut) in extreme operating conditions. He studied difficult human mental states and developed their classification, formulated the principles and methods of psychological preparation of the operator for actions in extreme conditions.
L.P. Grimak gave a theoretical basis and developed methodological approaches to modeling human states in hypnosis; developed a method of autoophthalmic training and a method of psychodiagnostics of emotional reactivity; formulated the tasks of a new direction in psychology, called “activity psychology.” Author of more than 120 scientific works, including 10 monographs.

Introduction
The position that man became human also because he intensively communicated with his own kind is beyond doubt. There are quite numerous examples of how little children, who, due to a tragic coincidence of circumstances, were forced to grow up and be “educated” in the society of animals, lost the ability to subsequently develop full-fledged speech and normal communication with people. Moreover, due to some biological changes in the body, even when they found themselves among people, they could not adapt to further life in the human community. Consequently, systematic communication with people from the first days of birth is a prerequisite for the full development of the individual. It helps to establish somatic and mental balance, reduce the severity of emerging conflicts, relieve stressful conditions, and increase the assessment of one’s own social significance.
Moreover, communication in childhood must necessarily include elements of a positive emotional attitude - recognition, friendliness, love. Love and recognition are of great importance in the life of an adult.
Another factor that has a close connection with communication is the intensity of external impressions, and not least from interpersonal contacts. Scarcity, a lack of such contacts, and even against the backdrop of monotonous everyday influences, leads to the so-called sensory hunger, which subjectively manifests itself as boredom, melancholy, and anguish. That is why a person systematically seeks new experiences in a way accessible to him: in travel, in new
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acquaintances, in art, literature, in work, etc. For creative people, the wealth of human contacts and life experiences is even more important: it is in this way that the images of the surrounding reality imprinted in memory are stimulated and creatively transformed. And people with more modest artistic inclinations also cannot build a full, healthy life without constant communication with their own kind.
However, this book is not about communication as such. It is about a person’s communication with himself (autocommunication). This is feasible work to organize evidence that this kind of phenomenon exists, that it is not only real, but also a progressively developing quality of the human psyche.
There are good reasons to believe that self-communication was phylogenetically preceded by the development of interpersonal communication. The latter was often anticipated by his internal representation or mentally continued after the end of the real conversation. Gradually, imaginary or remembered communication became habitual and, over time, became entrenched in the natural mental process of preliminary modeling of upcoming interpersonal communication. It is important that the person modeling the communication is usually one of the participants in the intended dialogue.
One of the main functions of interpersonal communication is the development of mutually acceptable solutions, the elimination of contradictions that give rise to hostility and intransigence. Communication learned to play the role of a way to rationally resolve “insoluble” conflicts through the rationalization of people’s relationships and behavior. We consider this last point to be very important for understanding the whole essence of the problem discussed in this book.
It must be assumed that the psychological mechanisms and skills developed by interpersonal communication gradually began to be included in the process of relieving those internal conflicts of the individual that have been produced since ancient times by the duality of its nature and reflecting the often contradictory interests of the spirit and body. Having become over time an integral attribute of human mental activity, autocommunication began to perform higher functions with
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social adaptation, self-regulation and self-improvement are the most important attributes of activity psychology.
But, taking the conversation into a practical direction, let us note that communicating with ourselves is, undoubtedly, something that no one teaches us anywhere. As far as possible, we are taught the skills of communicating with other people, manners of behavior in the family and society. But we have no idea about the rules of communicating with ourselves even in the most basic situations. Moreover, many do not even suspect that this type of communication exists and, in one form or another, is a prerequisite for normal human mental activity and largely determines our performance, mood, well-being, and often our state of health.
While we are young, strong and healthy, our attention is mostly occupied by surrounding events and objects. Youth is characterized by intense interpersonal communication, and the value of one’s own “I” is measured exclusively through the opinions of others, even if erroneous.
Being constantly directed into the outside world, we often do not know what to do with ourselves when we are left alone, which, by the way, is a useful and even necessary state for normal life, especially in our age of redundancy of external influences. It is in rationally used solitude through dreams, daydreams, projections, and even with the help of ordinary logical arguments that the conscious and unconscious programming of the body for future activities, as well as its future state and well-being, occurs. But habitually avoiding beneficial solitude, we often mindlessly share it with the primitive “products” of television, deafen ourselves with low-quality music, and languish in absent-minded idleness. But sooner or later the time comes when the current situation: age, illness, everyday adversity, force us to pay attention to ourselves, to understand our own feelings, thoughts, experiences. And here we often go to the other extreme: we lose all interest in the surrounding reality, completely withdraw into the shell of our own problems. Naturally, it is too long and, if
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one might put it this way, extremely intense withdrawal into oneself also does not alleviate either one’s own subjective state or the mood of others, since the level of self-control necessary for a healthy organism is violated.
The human nervous system is a perfect self-regulating mechanism. The essence of various neurotic disorders is that with a more or less correct reflection of the surrounding reality (unlike the mentally ill), in these cases the highest level of self-regulation, which is characterized as self-control, self-control, self-government, is violated. And often this happens because a person does not have basic knowledge and practical skills to communicate with himself.
Consequently, complete withdrawal into oneself is also an extreme and unconstructive position of a person brought out of mental balance. After all, the feeling of a full life and sustainable health comes from the consciousness of being alive and direct connections with the surrounding reality. Such extremes are excluded or, in any case, significantly smoothed out under the influence of autocommunication processes. It is this process that makes it possible to quite effectively carry out timely correction and adjustment of the psyche and the whole organism to solve pressing life problems, eliminate states of uncertainty, anxiety, depression, and, in necessary cases, solve complex problems at the level of auto-psychotherapy.
The purpose of this book is to explore, on the basis of specific scientific and historical data, the socio-psychological conditions that shaped the phenomena of autocommunication as a new and biologically expedient human function. Special consideration is given to those most common conditions that can be corrected through one’s own efforts through communication with oneself. And of course, methods for correcting borderline and difficult conditions are described in detail, and these methods should be characterized as a kind of arsenal of autopsychotherapy. In a certain sense, this book is a continuation of the previously published one (Reserves of the Human Psyche. M., 1987, 1989), so
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how she develops the problem of the psychology of activity as a specific branch of psychological science that is in its infancy. The previous book gave a detailed description of the main mental phenomena responsible for the formation of a person’s conscious life. This circumstance is reflected in the subtitle of the book - “Introduction to the Psychology of Activity.”
The new book has a subtitle: “The Beginnings of the Psychology of Activity.” By this I wanted to emphasize that in this case a significant turn is being made from the analysis of theoretical problems of the psychology of activity to its purely practical aspects, which found their primary expression and implementation in the phenomenon of a person’s communication with himself.
Attention to this problem, of course, was not drawn yesterday. Interest in it arose in connection with the study of various related issues: managing difficult conditions, preventing stress, treating neuroses, etc. A systematic study of the characteristics of communication with oneself in its various forms was successfully carried out by sports psychologists more than thirty years ago. It was found that in difficult sports situations (when mastering physical exercise techniques, when solving complex tactical problems), athletes communicate with themselves, that is, “they talk to themselves, use inner speech.” Moreover, the most common form of internal speech among athletes is self-orders, which appear whenever there are difficulties, regardless of their source and nature. Accumulated scientific data undoubtedly indicate that the function of communicating with oneself is characteristic of humans and plays a critical regulatory role. It can be assumed that the weakening of this function leads to certain impairments in life. Modern people, states the famous German sociologist-hygienist Karl Hecht, are afraid to be alone with themselves. And they are afraid of this because when they are alone, they have no one to talk to about their problems. They no longer talk to themselves about themselves. Internal dialogue is the most important prerequisite for conversation and communication with others. By losing it, a person loses the main impulse for interpersonal communication.
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whelping. Such people silently move away from each other and remain alone. In addition, the activity of psychological mechanisms in these people is weakened. stimulating activity to overcome external and internal difficulties on the way to achieving goals.
Communication with oneself is closely connected with such a psychological phenomenon as experience, understood not as a special form of contemplation, reflection, but as a form of activity aimed at restoring mental balance, the lost meaningfulness of existence, at “producing meaning” in life 2. Violation of the normal the course of this type of activity is manifested by various personality defects and even functional diseases.
Unfortunately, so far only a few studies have explored the consequences for the individual of violations of the normal course of autocommunication. So, for example, it has been established that psychopathy is characterized by impaired reflection as such, when the ability to look at oneself from the outside is lost, and therefore it can be difficult to assess the extent of the efforts made to relieve a difficult situation 3.
Productive communication with oneself presupposes that a person is able to clearly distinguish and evaluate life meanings accepted in a given social environment, and, if necessary, construct new ones. It turned out that in patients with schizophrenia the mechanisms of voluntary control of one’s own motivation and the mechanisms of life’s meaning formation are impaired.
Patients with neuroses have complex changes in the ability to communicate with themselves, and they lie directly in the sphere of reflection. For this group of patients, the most common feature is disturbances in the stability of the level of self-esteem, destabilization of ideas about oneself and the hierarchy of self-esteem scales. In addition, they revealed a significant discrepancy between directly experienced meanings that determine real behavior and meanings that act as conscious ones.
1 See: Hecht K. Psychohygiene M., 1979. S. YAZ.
"See: Vasilyuk F. E. Psychology of experience. M., 1984.
3 See: Zeyearnik V.V., Kholmogorova A.B., Mazur N.S. Self-regulation of behavior in normal conditions and pathology//11schological journal. 1989. T. 10. A "s 2. P. 122.
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In this case, normal reflection is distorted by the mechanisms of so-called psychological defense, which seek to divert the individual’s consciousness from a sober and objective assessment of real difficulties, and lead him onto the path of soothing self-deception.
Psychotherapy offers a diverse and very interesting experience in restoring the health and mental balance of an individual by restoring the ability to fully communicate with oneself. It is this that clearly and directly demonstrates how a person’s state changes dramatically in a positive direction with the restoration of normal reflection, with the return of the possibility of a critical attitude to reality, adequate motivational and personal formations. It also helps to discover how complex and still poorly understood some issues of autocommunication are.
At the same time, the enormous material accumulated by psychotherapy is, in our opinion, of direct practical interest for every person, since it affects a complex of fundamental phenomena of self-regulation, self-government, self-programming, constituting a subject of study for the psychology of activity.
Man is endowed with the ability to see only himself in all the object-symbolic forms of the world; changing and shuffling symbols, he only dismantles layer after layer of himself, in order to ultimately come to the last incomprehensible and completely unattainable symbol: himself.
G. Broch
I. MAN IN MAN
Psychology owes a great debt to humanity. Until now, it is only to a large extent a set of knowledge about the human psyche, but to a very small extent it serves a person as a guide in his daily life and activities. Why this happened is a separate matter. In any case, it should be recognized that the role of fiction in this sense turned out to be more significant. Therefore, it is no coincidence that the famous expression of F. M. Dostoevsky is included in the title of this chapter. Starting a conversation on a very close and important topic for every reader, we largely relied on the artistic experience of Dostoevsky, although he himself sought to categorically isolate himself from psychological science.
And it must be said that there were good reasons for Dostoevsky’s wary attitude towards psychology. Contemporary psychology - both scientific and that which found expression in fiction and was embodied in judicial practice - interpreted such a complex and highly active reality as the human psyche in an offensively simplistic manner, considering it, for example, as a “tension reduction” (in - instinctivism, behaviorism), etc. In such theories in the psychology of his time, Dostoevsky saw a reification destroying the human soul, discounting

Research on hypnosis by Grimak L.P.

Research into the possibilities of the psyche in hypnosis by Professor L. P. Grimak

Leonid Pavlovich Grimak - psychotherapist, prominent Russian psychologist, psychophysiologist, Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor.

L.P. Grimak was born in the village of Prudentovo, Zaporozhye, influenced by the region. In 1955 Graduated from the Military Medical Faculty of Kharkov University. For nine years he served as a military doctor in units of the airborne troops. Since 1965, employee of the Institute of Aviation and Space Medicine. In 1986 -1989 - Head of the department for developing the professional fitness of pilots. In 1963, G. defended his candidate’s thesis, which became the basis for the book “Psychological Training of a Parachutist,” and in 1975, his doctorate, the materials of which formed the monograph “Modeling Human Conditions in Hypnosis.” Since 1992 - chief researcher at the All-Russian Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

The main scientific problem that L.P. Grimak worked on was increasing the reliability of human functioning (including a parachutist, pilot, cosmonaut) in extreme operating conditions. He studied difficult mental states of a person and developed their classification, formulated the principles and methodology of the operator’s psychological preparation for actions in extreme conditions.

Published the following books: “Psychological training of a parachutist” (1966, 1971), “Modeling human states in hypnosis” (1976), “Experimental psychophysiology in space research”, “Subconscious perception” (co-authored; 1980), “Reserves of the human psyche” "(1987), "Communication with oneself."
(1991), “The Magic of the Biofield” (1994), “Hypnosis and Crime”, (1997), “How to Live in Harmony with Yourself” (2000).

Simulation of the state of weightlessness in hypnosis

Among a number of problems in studying and preparing humans for long-term space flight, an important one is the problem of creating an adequate model of “weightlessness” in ground conditions. The first and most acceptable model was the flight of an aircraft along the Kepler parabola, which makes it possible to reproduce weightlessness for 25-40 s.

Features of the posture of testers when simulating a state of weightlessness in hypnosis (subjective sensation of weight within 5 kg), 1973. In the late 50s and early 60s, a group of scientists from the GNIIIIAiKM consisting of E. M. Yuganov, E. V. Lapaeva , I. I. Kasyan et al. conducted a large series of studies on this model. They extensively studied the states of individual systems and analyzers of the body, including the psychophysiological capabilities for performing voluntary movements and control actions.

Around the same years, another group of scientists from GNIIIIAiKM, in particular A. M. Genin, P. V. Vasiliev, I. D. Pestov, V.I. Stepantsev et al. studied the functional state of human performance using models, the essence of which to a certain extent reflected the influence of weightlessness, for example, with prolonged physical inactivity, in an immersion environment with zero buoyancy, etc.

An original approach to modeling the state of weightlessness emerged in 1966. Thus, based on the theory of hypnology, L.P. Grimak, now a doctor of medical sciences, professor, author of the well-known book “Reserves of the Human Psyche,” which was reprinted twice, suggested the possibility of reproductive suggestion to reduce the gravitational weight of the body with post-hypnotic implementation for a long period.

He was also part of a group of experimenters (V.I. Metlik, A.Ya. Frolov, S.V. Korneva, etc.) as part of a number of research projects in the department headed by Doctor of Medical Sciences L.S. Khachaturyants, carried out a series of studies using the “mental model of weightlessness.” The experiments were carried out in mock-up spacecraft cabins, taking into account a real space flight program, lasting from 3 to 10 days.

The research results have found practical application in the development of medical requirements for samples of new space technology, and also formed the basis for promising psychophysiological programs for the activities of a human operator in space flight conditions. The unique results of the experiments were reflected in a number of monographs.

8. Grimak L.P. Modeling human states in hypnosis. - M.: Nauka, 1978. 271 p.
28. Khachaturyants L. S., Grimak L. P., Khrunov E. V. Experimental psychology in space research. - M.: Nauka, 1976.
29. Khrunov E.V., Khachaturyants L.S., Popov V.A., Ivanov E.A. Human operator in space flight. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1974. - 400 p.

Study of the possibility of adaptation of the human body to a changed day and night regime

The relevance of the problem of human biological rhythms when changing the usual regime of day and night, raised even before man’s flight into space, in particular in the process of performing experiments in conditions of long-term isolation, was confirmed in the first space flights. So, G.S. Titov noted the unfavorable effect of frequent changes of light and darkness on the dynamics of sleep and wakefulness in flight. Subsequent flights of spacecraft and stations (Voskhod, Gemini, Apollo, Soyuz, Skylab, Salyut) also confirmed the importance of the problem of human adaptation to the changed day and night regime.

A large series of studies in this direction were carried out at the State Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Mathematics under the leadership of L.S. Khachaturyants. A 30-day migratory regime of work and rest was simulated using the hypnostimulation method developed by L.P. Grimak, in order to optimize the adaptation process and increase human performance.

V.A. took an active part in the research. Bodrov, A.N. Litsov, V.I. Metlik, A.Ya. Frolov, S.V. Korneva, M.I. Katalov.

Based on the results of the experiments, the principles of organizing the work and rest of astronauts during long flights were substantiated. This contributed to the further deepening of research on spacecraft mock-ups in the process of preparation for each space flight.

Leonid Pavlovich Grimak

There are people, special, bright, outstanding, whose talent is associated with one particular area: for example, a brilliant cardiologist or an excellent musician. They make a huge contribution to the Earth's noosphere in one direction.

There are people whose contribution to the mental treasury of the planet is multifaceted. One of these people was Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Colonel of the Medical Service Leonid Pavlovich Grimak.

L.P. was born. Grimak on the coast of the Azov Sea in the village of Prudentovo on June 12, 1931. After school, he entered the military medical faculty of the Kharkov Medical Institute, where he was most interested in psychiatry. In those days, it was here that the famous hypnologist K.I. taught. Platonov and Leonid’s choice of specialty was not at all accidental. In his senior year, Leonid determined the direction of his future activity - studying the possibilities of the human psyche, and, in particular, hypnosis, for which he discovered amazing abilities. Even then, young Grimak was noticed by the famous professor K.I. Platonov, especially highlighting him among other students.
Then he served as a military doctor in airborne units. Life in distant garrisons put an end to the scientific careers of many talented researchers - but not Captain Grimak of the Airborne Forces.

During 9 years of military service, he specialized in neuropathology, collected unique scientific and experimental material on the influence of airborne training on the human body, and in 1963 brilliantly defended his Ph.D. thesis at the Military Medical Academy. CM. Kirov, in Leningrad. Three years later, his first monograph was published with the modest title “Psychological Training of a Parachutist.”

For those who are unfamiliar with the specifics of service in the Airborne Forces, it should be noted that paratrooper doctors take an active part in combat training, just like all personnel, making parachute jumps, forced marches, and participating in live firing. That is, the experimental material of L.P.’s Ph.D. thesis. Grimak was obtained personally by him, including during the observation of his own psychophysiological and behavioral reactions. It was direct participation in everything that he later wrote about in numerous scientific reports, monographs, articles and books, experimentation, first of all, on himself, careful introspection and self-analysis that distinguished L.P.’s approach. Grimak in research work. In fact, “Psychological training of a parachutist” was the first scientific and practical guide to increasing the psychophysiological stability of people in dangerous professions. 55 years later, the methodological approaches outlined in this book continue to be relevant, and not only for paratroopers. That's why it's a Classic! 60s of the last century. Time for high ideals and deeds! These were special years for the Air Force. On the one hand, planes were cut for scrap metal, and combat pilots were dismissed by regiments. At the same time, space exploration began. In 1961, the first manned flight into space took place. Gagarin was followed by Titov, Nikolaev, Popovich... The problem of selection and psychological preparation of future cosmonauts acquired special importance for the country. These and many others related to human presence in air and outer space were solved at the State Research Testing Institute of Aviation and Space Medicine. Talent L.P. Grimak, coupled with perseverance and hard work, led to a logical result: Already 88-year-old Professor K.I. Platonov recommended to his son, the no less famous psychologist K.K. Platonov, who worked at this institute, hired a promising student. This was the only incident in the life of K.I. Platonov, when he made a similar request to his son.

And the veteran of Russian psychiatry was not mistaken. L.P. Grimak moves with his family to Moscow. At first they live in very difficult conditions, but he is not interested in everyday problems - the main thing is work. The institute's staff were given interesting tasks - to adapt a person to, in principle, a celestial space alien to him, to overcome overload, weightlessness, isolation, physical inactivity, and the accompanying fear, fatigue, vegetative, metabolic and psychological imbalance. In a word, all the tasks boiled down to one thing: to study how a person behaves in extreme conditions and increase his reliability. And in order to understand this, experiments alone are not enough - we need to analyze the experience of mankind. Grimak turns to history, turns to traditional Eastern teachings about man. This would later be reflected in his books on hypnosis and methods for correcting disturbances in the functional state of a human operator (that’s how cosmonauts and pilots were called then, for reasons of secrecy). It must be said that all of Leonid Pavlovich’s scientific achievements, in addition to being fundamental, were also of an applied nature. Leonid Pavlovich was, first of all, a DOCTOR! And everything that he discovered in science, he tried to use for the benefit of patients. And the experiments conducted by L.P. Grimak, were unique. So, in order to better study the features of the effects of weightlessness on humans, Leonid Pavlovich created a hypnotic model of this state. In a state of hypnosis, the testers were inspired with the sensations that a person experiences in weightlessness. Thus, it was possible to better study the impact of this factor, and a technique was created to increase the adaptive capabilities of astronauts to weightlessness. I will give one of the many examples showing how L.P. Grimak’s techniques helped in specific extreme situations. Many of us, people with a European mentality, are filled with admiration, mixed with distrust, by stories about the incredible abilities of Eastern warriors to catch arrows, or even bullets, flying at them. Eastern techniques of mental self-regulation, which Leonid Pavlovich knew well and used with pleasure, suggest the ability to work with time - to stretch or compress it. And there is now scientific evidence of this. An amazing property of L.P. Grimak was able to give special properties to simple things.

There is a well-known and, as some believe, banal psychoregulatory technique - autogenic training. Using a special auto-training method developed by Leonid Pavlovich, I prepared army aviation pilots for combat operations in Afghanistan. I worked with them at the training center before the deployment, and then worked with them directly in Afghanistan. One of the helicopter pilots, a flight commander who was in this group, told me about such an interesting case. One day, the MI-8 he was piloting came under heavy machine-gun fire. They responded from on board. A shootout ensued. While performing the next maneuver, he turned the car into an unfavorable position for himself. At this moment he became really scared. He thought that right now he could easily be shot. And at that moment he suddenly saw BULLETS from a DShK heavy machine gun flying straight into the blister. He instantly pulled the stick away from himself, moving the helicopter away from the bullets' flight path. The burst went tangentially, touching but not breaking the blister. The pilot recalled that although the whole situation lasted a fraction of a second, for him the flight of bullets, the helicopter’s escape from them, and his own movements were like slow motion frames. Once the danger had passed, the flow of time was completely restored. He told me this episode precisely because I taught him Grimak’s auto-training, and he was absolutely sure that it was thanks to this auto-training that he managed to stay alive.

The scientific heritage that L.P. Grimak left us is so vast and multifaceted that many more generations will certainly find in it a lot of interesting and useful things. Take, for example, the system of autogenic training developed by L.P. Grimak, its ability to form a person’s given psychophysiological qualities and use all this to prolong life with the help of a system of mental self-regulation. Just imagine: a person arbitrarily stretches time in order to have time to do more or, on the contrary, compresses it, leaving his biological age far behind the calendar. Fantastic? ...And modeling by L.P. Grimak in hypnosis of a state of weightlessness? Before him, this was also considered science fiction! Anyone who has practiced psychotherapy and used hypnosis in their practice sooner or later begins to understand that not all processes occurring between the psychotherapist and the patient during a hypnotherapy session can be explained from the perspective of traditional science. For example. The patient is usually immersed in a hypnotic trance. This patient had already been successfully put into trance by this doctor on several occasions. But today traditional words of suggestion do not work - for some reason the patient does not experience a trance. The doctor begins to accompany his words with passes - smooth movements of his hand along the patient’s body, without touching him. And the patient quickly falls into a trance. The founder of the scientific study of hypnosis, the great Mesmer, emphasized precisely this part of the hypnotic effect - the effect of the fluids of “natural magnetism” of one person on another. Leonid Pavlovich, with a truly scientific approach, studied the biofield component of hypnosis very carefully and with maximum objectivity. His research was so interesting that in the 80s of the last century, when the topic of the biofield became especially popular, he was considered one of the most authoritative specialists along with Medelyanovsky, Kaznacheev, Mirza. In the life of an integral person, sometimes the most diverse and seemingly distant interests, directions, objects, people are intertwined in the most bizarre way and, as a result, form a single harmonious and beautiful system...

It was in this bizarre way in the life of L.P. Grimak and his students intertwined research devoted to studying the influence of weightlessness on humans and the biofield. As you know, Leonid Pavlovich was the first to develop and successfully apply a hypnotic model for studying the effect of weightlessness on the human body. It must be said that the effects of weightlessness are extremely unpleasant to bear - nausea, sometimes vomiting, heaviness in the head, anxiety, sweating. In this regard, even such a term appeared - motion sickness. Then, in the 70s, when astronauts did not need to interfere much with the piloting process, the troubles caused by weightlessness could still be tolerated. In the late 80s - 90s, when flights became manned, space stations appeared, and dockings became a mandatory attribute of every space flight, manifestations of motion sickness, especially in the first hours of the flight, could lead to the death of the astronauts and the entire station. Imagine, the spacecraft needs to be docked to the Mir station, and the astronaut, who manually performs this maneuver, becomes nauseous and vomits. To make it clear how precious the astronaut’s actions had to be, and how responsible and dangerous it was, imagine: there could only be one attempt, the speed of the space station was more than 7 km per second; in order to dock, it was necessary to make similar movements with the manipulators hitting a five-ruble coin with a pencil (!). The issues of preparing cosmonauts for such work in the first hours of weightlessness, when the manifestations of motion sickness are especially acute, were taken up by specialists from a number of scientific and practical organizations, including our group, whose scientific director was L.P. Grimak.

The task was to alleviate the condition of the astronauts as much as possible, increase their resistance to weightlessness, and if the symptoms of motion sickness become threatening, try to eliminate them. How to fix it? Medication is dangerous. Then, under the leadership of L.P. Grimak, experiments were developed that tested the possibility of relieving the symptoms of motion sickness using remote bioenergy-information influence. The experiments were carried out jointly with the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Medical and Biological Problems and our group from the Scientific and Practical Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR, which was studying the biofield and hypnosis. The testers were members of a team of cosmonauts who practiced the elements of docking manned spacecraft on specially equipped yachts under conditions of 4-5 pitching. It turns out that it was the conditions of motion sickness that, almost one to one, caused a condition similar to what the astronauts experienced in the first hours of the flight. Our group included people who had passed the selection process and had the ability to exert various kinds of bioenergy-informational influence on the condition of another person. And we checked to what extent this method of correction is acceptable and reliable for ensuring the safety of space flights. The results obtained were very promising: the symptoms of motion sickness were significantly reduced, even in the “weakest” testers. Leonid Pavlovich’s method was distinguished by its simplicity and reliability. The second year of effective operation of the technique has already allowed us to introduce it into the daily practice of working with astronauts.

August 1991, Karelia, Lake Ladoga - experiments are in full swing. But on August 21, the entire group was urgently called to Moscow. What happened next - eyewitnesses remember... The Union collapsed, there was no time for space programs. Yachts with unique equipment were privatized and began to be used by wealthy Finns. Our Center was disbanded, and Leonid Pavlovich began to deal with psychophysiological problems of solving crimes and analyzing criminal behavior. In which he also succeeded a lot. It was under his scientific leadership that methodologies for using investigative hypnosis and psychological portraits were created, and work was carried out to study the possibilities of attracting persons with extraordinary mental abilities to solve particularly serious crimes.

In the last years of his life, Leonid Pavlovich enjoyed doing what he loved - he worked as a psychotherapist at the Center for Rehabilitation Medicine of the Central Clinical Hospital No. 1 of the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation. Throughout his life, he strived to learn new things. At the age of 70, he became interested in neurolinguistic programming. Very soon I mastered this practice, creatively reworking it and combining it with hypnosis, bioenergy therapy and reflexology.

Audio recordings of autogenic training and self-hypnosis.

Creative relaxation session. Meditation & self-hypnosis.
Autogenic training to improve vision. Self-hypnosis.

Grimak Leonid Pavlovich (1931 - 2008) - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Colonel of the Medical Service. The brightest representative of Russian psychotherapy, who stood at the origins of a number of medical specialties and scientific directions - aerospace and environmental medicine, emergency medicine, restorative medicine. Russian intellectual, scientist, doctor and healer, who walked through this land the difficult, high and joyful path of love for people - the path of the Spiritual Personality.

He published the books “Psychological training of a parachutist”, “Experimental psychophysiology in space research”, “Modeling human states in hypnosis”, more than seventy scientific and popular science articles.

Books (6)

Hypnosis and crime

The emergence in our country of a large number of “non-traditional specialists” (healers, sorcerers, astrologers, etc.) who use hypnosis for healing and prophetic purposes creates the preconditions for a significant increase in the abuse of this potent drug.

In the new work of the famous psychophysiologist and hypnologist L.P. Grimak, author of many books on psychology and psychotherapy, for the first time, the techniques of hypnosis and suggestion, which are used for illegal purposes, are examined in detail, as well as the possibility of using hypnosis in solving crimes.

Particular attention is paid to the issues of abuse of psychic suggestions and hypnosis in various religious organizations and the media.

The magic of the biofield. Energy information treatment

The book introduces the reader to various ideas about the biofield and its healing effects. This publication, based on a generalization of centuries-old experience of healing practice (magic, occultism, traditional medicine), modern achievements of science, talks about the human bioenergy system and its connections with natural, including cosmic, energy sources; talks about the therapeutic effect of a psychic energy therapist on the patient’s biofield; The relationship between bioenergy, hypnosis and reflexology is revealed.

Simulation of human states in hypnosis

This book substantiates theoretical principles and presents experimental materials characterizing the possibilities of hypnosis as an adequate experimental method that allows the formation of given mental states (mental models of emotions, hyper- and hypo-gravity). For the first time in the literature, the results of experiments with the suggestion of an altered course of time are published. The theoretical and practical focus of the book is to substantiate the ways and methods of psychological training of the operator in order to increase the reliability of his professional activities.

Communicate with yourself. The beginnings of activity psychology

At the same time, attention is focused on the most common “difficult” states of the human psyche (stress, phobias, frustration, monotony), methods and techniques for their correction and prevention - psychosomatic regulation, meditation, self-hypnosis, auto-training, etc.

The book is a kind of continuation of the work of L.P. Grimak, “Reserves of the Human Psyche,” which has been repeatedly republished and translated into a number of foreign languages.

Reserves of the human psyche

Our time, marked by enormous social changes, rapid transformations in the field of science and technology, unprecedented complication of environmental conditions and interpersonal relationships, presents increased demands on the human psyche, its plasticity and activity.

The book by Doctor of Medical Sciences L.P. Grimak presents in a popular form scientific data characterizing the possibilities and patterns of self-organization and self-programming of mental activity, ways of using them, and gives useful practical recommendations.

Secrets of hypnosis. Modern look

This book is a systematic overview of the many forms of hypnosis found in everyday human life. At the same time, hypnosis does not seem to be some kind of private phenomenon that exists along with many other mental states, but one of the main mental system-forming factors not only in the life of an individual, but also in society as a whole.

In a popular form, ideas about the nature and properties of hypnosis and suggestion, which were expressed at different times by individual researchers, are generalized, brought to logical formulations and supplemented by the author’s own concepts. This information can greatly facilitate the understanding of the characteristics of human mental activity and thereby serve as a justification for appropriate psychohygienic actions.

Reader comments

Ilya/ 03/26/2017 I just can’t find his book “Managing Freedom” on the Internet...

Stanislav/ 02/20/2017 I have re-read the book “Reserves of the Human Psyche” more than once; it is a masterpiece that opens our eyes to many fundamental things in our lives.

Katri/ 07/22/2016 Lovely, I really liked the book about hypnosis and crime

Zhenya/ 3.11.2014 But I can’t read any of the books! Downloaded books are not readable either through “notepad” or “bred3”! Please advise how to download books so that they can be read. Thank you in advance!

Don Petruchio/ 09/14/2014 he probably meant expressed, chilled or aspected uranium. I remember Grimak as an atheist in the book “Reserves of the Human Psyche”; I’ll take a look, read it, and see how his views have changed. But in any case, he is a strong psychologist, at least a theoretical one, and one of the main authorities in hypnology.

Alina/ 06/20/2013 While I’m reading “The Magic of the Biofield”. The attitude is ambiguous. There are interesting thoughts, but many absolutely amateurish statements. Sometimes you get the impression that a person simply doesn’t understand what he’s writing about, and is completely “off topic.” For example: “if there is Uranus in your horoscope...” - yes, it is in all horoscopes! The same goes for Neptune, etc. There are many such “blunders” in the book, and not only about astrology. For a doctor of sciences and a “specialist in extreme medicine,” it’s even somehow strange.

Sergey/ 05/19/2011 RISK AND RESPECT TO THE AUTHOR. The books are simply great, they clarify your view of many things.

Oleg/ 07/05/2010 Excellent selection. I agree with the request: for completeness, I would also like to have his work “Psychology of Human Activity. Psychological Mechanisms and Techniques of Self-Regulation”
and "Communication with yourself. The beginnings of the psychology of activity"

Vitaly/ 01/20/2010 Thank you very much for the books, but I still need a book Modeling a person in hypnosis thank you for doing a great job

Elena/ 12/18/2009 wonderful books, both “reserves of the human psyche” and “communication with oneself” (I haven’t read the others yet). There is a lot of useful information, and in general the attitude towards oneself as a representative of humanity changes. His books are on a par with “Ascent to Individuality” by Yu.M. Orlova.

Guest/ 07/31/2009 I agree with the previous review.
Grimak is a specialist from the Soviet school of extreme medicine. I would really like to have ALL of his works on the website. They are worth it..

Lena/ 1.02.2009 Thank you! I would like to read his other books:
"The magic of the biofield. Energy-informational treatment"
"Reserves of the human psyche"
"Hypnosis and Crime"
"Reserves of the human psyche. Introduction to the psychology of activity"
"Communicating with yourself: The beginnings of the psychology of activity"

These books are really needed! Thank you in advance!